No penalties are announced.
And the Economics penalty is not triggered.

Is this just me or is this a problem?

Are you sure the plugin is loaded? Please check your oxide/logs for errors.

Do I need to be killed by a player, perhaps?

This is for punishing players based on how you have it configured. So if you want to be punished, you'd have to kill a player or be killed by a player while not having the punish.exlude permission granted.

I'm sorry for being such an idiot.

If a player is killed by an NPC, will the killed player be punished?

NPCs are excluded currently, but I can add that as an option if you'd like.

Thank you.
Thank you for answering the stupid question.

I've been working hard and changing various settings for 6 hours.
The NPCs kept killing me.

I'm glad to be free of this task.

Not stupid at all, did you want to be punished for NPC-related deaths?

If you get killed by a turret or NPC you added in the Raidbase.
I was not punished.

I tried to die in the water, fell from the sky, and was killed by NPCs generated by the event, but I wasn't punished.

Right, but do you want that or not? 

If you can, I would like to see punishment for all deaths.

Sure, will add an option in the next update shortly.